The standard widgets are those that show basic metrics for the data range you’ve chosen. 

However, the standard widget will by default show the metrics and the activity from the last 12 months, since that is the industry standard. More info on this HERE.
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If, however, you want to use granular dimension, advanced metrics and segment your data range even deeper, you will need to use CUSTOM widget.
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With custom widgets you can choose custom segments, dimensions, advanced metrics, and you can add Custom Filters, as well as Calculated Metrics.

More on how to add custom widgets here.